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Finland - GENERAL INFORMATION
 
Population - Local time - Languages - Religion - Political system - Climate - Tourism - Food



Population



Main Cities Population
Helsinki   515,000  
Espoo   186,000  
Tampere   179,000  
Vantaa   164,000  
Turku   162,000  
Oulu   106,000  



Total population (millions): 5.2
Source: World Bank 2004

Urban population: 61%
Source: World Bank 2004

Average annual population growth: 0.1%
Source: World Bank 2004

Surface area (km²) : 338,150


Population origin

Origin of the population% Of the population
Finn 93.7 %
Swede 6.1 %
Lappons 0.1 %
Other 0.1 %




Local time


It is %T:%M %A in Helsinki


GMT+2 in winter, GMT+3 in summer


Languages


Official language: Finnish
Finnish and Swedish are commonly spoken, English is the business language. Swedish is spoken more particularly in the West of Finland by a community which represents more or less 5% of the total population of the country.

Free translation tools in Finland :
Eurodicautom
The European Union Dictionary (12 languages avalaible)

Tranexp
Free English-Finnish-English translator of texts and web pages

Freedict.com
Free English-Finnish-English Dictionary



Religion


Religious practises : Lutherans protestants 88.9%
Atheists 8.9%
Orthodox 1.1%
Others 1.1%.


Political system


Finland is a parliamentary republic where the President of the Republic is elected every 6 years. The parliament, the Eduskunta, is unicameral and is composed of 200 members elected by universal suffrage every 4 years. The government in office is constituted of a coalition between the Democratic Social Party ( SDP), the conservatives of the National Coalition Party ( KOK), the Alliance of the Left (VAS), the Swedish Party (SFP) and the green party. Opposition is composed of the centrist party.


Climate


 


Tourism


Number of visitors in Finland 2002 2003 2004 World rank
Number of visitors (1000) 2875   2601   2840   n.a.
Source : World Tourisme Organization, data available in November 2005

 

Tourist sites


The city of Viipuri: before the war, Viipuri was the most international city of Finland and, by its number of inhabitants (74,403 in 1939), the second city of Finland. Besides the Finns, there were dynamic Russian, German, Swedish and Jewish communities. Economically and culturally, Viipuri was also an Occidental open door to Saint-Petersburg. Viipuri's castle, built in 1293, still dominates the city.
Suomenlinna: to go to Suomenlinna, a fort island which is just in front of Helsinki, there is, usually, a ferry departing from the marketplace shore (Kauppatori). Leaving behind crowd and gulls screams, the ferry takes you in fifteen minutes to this peaceful island. Suomenlinna was registered on the world patrimony list of Unesco in 1991.
Helsinki: From an architectural point of view Helsinki is a young city. There is nothing left of his first centuries of existence. The only witnesses of the architecture of the city of traders and fortifications of the end of XVIIIth century are the Sederholm's house (1757) in border of the place of the Senate and the Suomenlinna fort island. If the great fire of 1808 destroyed the city, it simultaneously created the necessary conditions for the large-scale works of a city which was promoted to the rank of capital in 1812. The Johan Albrekt Ehrenstrom's town planning established then structures that are still noticeable in the centre of Helsinki. On this plan the architect Carl Ludvig Engel created the monumental centre of neo-classic style called Empire.
Mikkeli's region and surrounding municipalities are to offer sensations able to satisfy the most different tastes. Therefore, near Helsinki, it is still possible to wander in an old manor house and sample some game. People looking for quietness can stay in a hut at the edge of a lake where the only present noises will be the rustle of the wind and the lapping of waves, without giving up the comfort of the urban life. Saimaa, the biggest lake of Finland with pure waters and uncountable islands, attracts the amateurs of physical efforts to either row or fish. It is also worth admiring the rupestral paintings of the stony age and the cultural places of the iron age.
The zone of vestiges of Sammallahti's bronze age in the West of Finland has been listed in the world Patrimony of Unesco. It is the first archeological site that was chosen in Finland. Thirty three tumuli of the bronze age (-1500 - 500) were found there. The deaths were buried under stony heap that could reach important dimensions. Few objects can be found there but they can be full of different structures such as stone circles and sarcophaguses made of stony paving stones.

For more information about tourism in Finland , check out the following web site(s) :
Finnish Tourism Board


Food


Traditional dishes


In Finland, the big traditional holiday is Easter that gathers all the flavours of the country. The table of Easter is set with eggs, hen and mutton-based dishes, following the example of certain orthodox traditional dishes. The Pascal Lamb is impossible to avoid. Pasha is an Easter traditional dessert that was introduced at the same time as the orthodox religion in Finland. It is the culinary tradition of ancient Karelia, between the White Sea and the bay of Finland, which belonged to Russia. Soft and delicious, it is served with white bread (nisu) in certain regions. But the most typical dessert is the mammi, which recipe comes from the Middle -age and which was made, at that time, in a container made of bark. It is a sort of brown hulled grain, rye flour and malt based. Nowadays, the mixture is slow heated in a cardboard container which imitates the bark of birch and is served with cream and sugar. In ancient times, the mammi used to be taken as Lent provisions to be spread on a slice of bread.

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Last modified in October 2005
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